# converted from Moravec 1998 <https://jetpress.org/volume1/moravec.htm> Figure 2 Appendix <https://www.jetpress.org/volume1/appendix.htm>





# original header: Machine Year Cost k$ 1997k$ MBytes MIPS MIPS/1997k$





Machine Year Cost.dollars.thousands 1997.dollars.thousands MBytes MIPS MIPSper1997.dollars.thousands
By Hand 1892 8.5 142 0.0000954 0.0000000119 8.37E-11
Ohdner 1891 11 172 0.000000149 0.00000000333 1.94E-11
Steiger Millionaire 1900 12 187 0.000000358 0.0000000133 7.12E-11
Hollerith 1908 50 694 0.000286 0.0000000185 2.67E-11
Analytical Engine 1910 1000 12400 0.0244 0.000000377 3.05E-11
Monroe Calculator 1911 35 470 0.00000286 0.0000000218 4.64E-11
IBM Tabulator 1919 20 126 0.0000238 0.0000000412 3.27E-10
Torres Arithmometer 1920 25 141 0.00000477 0.0000000358 2.53E-10
National-Ellis 3000 1928 15 135 0.00000429 0.0000000738 5.46E-10
Burroughs Class 16 1929 15 137 0.00000429 0.0000000738 5.37E-10
Zuse-1 1938 10 111 0.0000305 0.0000000424 3.82E-10
Zuse-2 1939 10 113 0.0000305 0.000000424 0.00000000375
BTL Model 1 1939 50 565 0.00000381 0.000002 0.00000000354
Zuse-3 1941 50 499 0.000244 0.00000204 0.00000000409
BTL Model 2 1943 50 422 0.0000119 0.00000103 0.00000000244
Colossus 1943 100 844 0.00000238 0.000224 0.000000265
BTL Model 3 1943 200 1690 0.0000429 0.00000283 0.00000000168
ASCC (Mark 1) 1944 300 2520 0.000601 0.00000233 9.26E-10
Zuse-4 1945 50 412 0.000244 0.00000204 0.00000000496
BTL Model 5 1946 500 3610 0.000147 0.00000329 9.12E-10
ENIAC 1946 600 4330 0.0000954 0.00289 0.000000668
Harvard Mark 2 1947 300 1770 0.000488 0.00000622 0.00000000352
IBM SSEC 1948 500 2710 0.0000458 0.000597 0.00000022
EDSAC 1949 100 571 0.00214 0.00255 0.00000446
SEAC 1950 800 4400 0.00549 0.00416 0.000000944
UNIVAC I 1951 930 4590 0.00537 0.00575 0.00000125
Zuse-5 1952 100 508 0.000244 0.00000933 0.0000000184
IBM CPC 1952 100 508 0.000154 0.00176 0.00000347
IBM 650 1953 200 1030 0.00488 0.000966 0.00000094
EDVAC 1954 500 2570 0.00537 0.0017 0.000000661
Whirlwind 1955 200 1030 0.00391 0.0694 0.0000677
Librascope LGP-30 1955 30 154 0.0146 0.000701 0.00000456
IBM 704 1955 2000 10300 0.0352 0.0536 0.00000523
IBM 7090 1959 3000 14200 0.141 0.326 0.0000229
IBM 1620 1960 200 947 0.0122 0.00103 0.00000109
DEC PDP-1 1960 150 710 0.0176 0.124 0.000175
Atlas 1961 5000 23800 0.0234 1.4 0.0000588
Burroughs 5000 1962 1000 4750 0.0254 0.0989 0.0000208
IBM 7040 1963 560 2670 0.07 0.063 0.0000236
Honeywell 1800 1963 1400 6670 0.093 0.15 0.0000225
DEC PDP-6 1964 300 1420 0.0703 0.169 0.000119
CDC 6600 1964 5000 23700 4 8.76 0.000369
IBM 1130 1965 50 233 0.0156 0.15 0.000644
IBM 360/75 1966 5000 22500 8 2.54 0.000113
IBM 360/65 1967 3000 13500 4 1.24 0.0000918
DEC PDP-10 1968 500 2190 0.562 0.655 0.000299
CDC 7600 1969 10000 42300 8 25.7 0.000608
DG Nova 1969 7.6 32.1 0.008 0.117 0.00366
GE-635 1970 2000 8140 0.5 0.649 0.0000797
SDS 920 1971 100 394 0.25 0.105 0.000266
IBM 360/195 1972 8000 30200 0.5 17.3 0.000573
Honeywell 700 1972 12 45.2 0.031 0.075 0.00166
Prime Computer 100 1973 8.5 28.4 0.031 0.36 0.0127
IBM-370/168 1974 2000 5610 1 8.88 0.00158
MITS Altair 1974 0.5 1.4 0.00024 0.01 0.00713
DG Eclipse 1975 50 129 0.25 0.47 0.00366
DEC-KL-10 1975 500 1290 4.5 2.3 0.00179
DEC PDP-11/70 1976 150 368 0.125 0.4 0.00109
Cray-1 1976 10000 24500 32 150 0.00612
Apple II 1977 1.3 3.02 0.0039 0.02 0.00662
DEC VAX 11/780 1977 200 464 8 1 0.00215
TRS-80 1977 2 4.64 0.015 0.04 0.00861
Commodore PET 1977 1.5 3.48 0.008 0.06 0.0172
CDC IPL 1978 500 1080 1 7.5 0.00697
Nanodata VMX200 1979 300 571 2 2.1 0.00367
TRS-80 M3 1980 1.2 2 0.015 0.04 0.02
Sun-1 1980 30 50.1 1 0.484 0.00966
CDC Cyber-205 1981 9000 13900 16 73.2 0.00528
Vic 20 1981 0.279 0.43 0.005 0.04 0.0931
IBM PC 1982 2.5 3.75 0.0469 0.238 0.0634
Sun-2 1982 20 30 2 0.741 0.0247
Commodore 64 1982 0.5 0.75 0.0825 0.2 0.267
TRS-80 M4 1983 1 1.49 0.0635 0.2 0.134
Vax 11/750 1983 50 74.4 4 0.799 0.0107
Macintosh-128K 1984 2.5 3.62 0.125 0.52 0.144
Vax 11/785 1984 200 290 0.0156 2.26 0.0078
Cray-2 1985 10000 14500 1950 824 0.0569
L.Edge XT-7.16 1985 2 2.89 0.25 0.26 0.09
Atari 800XL 1985 0.85 1.23 0.64 0.165 0.134
Sun-3 1986 10 14.1 4 2.05 0.145
DEC VAX 8650 1986 125 176 16 7.71 0.0438
MIT XT-8 1986 0.5 0.705 0.25 0.534 0.758
Mac II 1987 3 4.11 2 2.5 0.608
Sun-4 1987 10 13.7 16 1.87 0.136
Mac-IIx 1988 9.3 12.1 4 3.9 0.322
CompuAdd 386-16 1988 2.1 2.73 1 2.8 1.02
PC Brand 386-25 1988 2.45 3.2 1 4.3 1.35
Mark 386 1989 12 15.2 2 12.9 0.849
Wang VS 10000 1989 510 646 16 103 0.159
Macintosh SE30 1989 6.49 8.23 5 3.9 0.474
Solbourne 5/500 1989 50 63.3 2 25.5 0.403
Stardent 3000 1990 89 109 32 27.3 0.249
Amiga 2500/30 1990 4.7 5.78 2 19.5 3.37
Acer 1200 1990 11 13.5 4 20 1.48
MVME165 1990 4 4.92 4 16.6 3.37
Power VEISA 1990 5.8 7.13 6 22.1 3.1
Dell 320LX 1990 2.9 3.57 1 12.5 3.5
Mac IIfx 1990 9.87 12.1 4 10 0.824
Amiga 3000 1990 3.3 4.06 2 12.5 3.08
VMPM868KD 1990 2.9 3.57 2 12.5 3.5
Step 486/33 1990 10 12.3 80 17.5 1.42
Gateway-486DX2/66 1991 3.9 4.66 8 30.9 6.64
ACT 468/33 1991 3.4 4.06 4 21.8 5.37
Slimline SP486DX 1991 3.6 4.3 4 21.8 5.07
Mac-Quadra-900 1991 3.3 3.94 8 22 5.58
AST Bravo 1992 1.4 1.62 2 12.9 7.95
IBM PS/2 55-041 1992 2 2.32 4 10.6 4.57
AST Premium II 1992 2.8 3.25 4 13.2 4.07
IBM PS/2 90 1992 9.6 11.1 8 22.4 2.01
NEC Powermate 1992 4.8 5.56 4 21.8 3.92
Aberdeen Mini 1993 2.8 3.15 2 16.2 5.14
IBM Valuepoint 1993 3.6 4.05 4 26.1 6.44
Acer Power 1993 3.5 3.94 4 44.5 11.3
Ambra Desktop 1993 2.4 2.7 2 21.1 7.81
DECpc LPv 1993 2.9 3.26 4 16.6 5.09
AST Pemmia 1993 3.6 4.05 2 16.2 4
NEC 486SL DX2 1994 3.8 4.15 4 31.9 7.68
Vesa 1994 1.2 1.31 4 20 15.3
AT&T System 3260 1994 2.5 2.73 8 44 16.1
IBM 433/DX/Si 1994 1.8 1.97 4 26.1 13.3
Micron 466 Wndsrvr 1994 3.6 3.93 16 54.7 13.9
AST PremiaGXP/90 1994 5.8 6.34 16 98.6 15.6
AT&T Globalyst 600 1994 4.8 5.25 16 98.6 18.8
ZEOS Contenda 386 1994 1 1.09 4 20 18.3
Gateway 2000 486 1994 1 1.09 2 16.2 14.8
PowerMac 7100/66 1994 2.9 3.17 8 100 31.6
PowerMac 8100/80 1994 4.25 4.64 16 120 25.8
PowerMac 8500/120 1995 4 4.24 16 180 42.4
PowerMac 9500/132 1995 5.3 5.62 16 200 35.6
Intel Xpress/60 1995 2 2.12 8 70 33
Gateway P5-75 1996 2 2.06 16 92 44.7
Power Tower 180e 1996 3.3 3.39 16 300 88.4
PowerMac 7600/132 1996 3 3.09 16 160 51.8
Gateway G6-200 1997 2.95 2.95 64 350 119